Sigmaplot version 12.31/8/2023 The first fixed-dose ACT, meeting the WHO prequalification criteria for efficacy, safety, and quality is the brand Coartem ™, an AMLF drug manufactured by Novartis (Basel, Switzerland). 3 An ACT being very widely purchased and distributed by international and national organizations globally combines lumefantrine (long half-life drug) with artemether (artemisinin derivative) into a fixed-dose tablet (AMLF). This formulation, termed artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) as first-line treatment in most malaria-endemic countries. Therefore, this class of antimalarial is combined with a partner drug, such as lumefantrine, amodiaquine, piperaquine, or mefloquine, possessing a longer half-life. Although the artemisinins are the most rapidly acting of all antimalarial drugs, 2 potential resistance has led to the abandonment of oral artemisinin monotherapy. 1 Malaria can be cured with effective antimalarial drugs but due to the growth of Plasmodium falciparum resistance, traditional antimalarials such as chloroquine and sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine are no longer recommended. ![]() ![]() In 2012, an estimated 627,000 deaths were attributed to malaria with the disease occurring mostly in African children. Low-income countries bear the highest proportion of deaths caused by human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), tuberculosis, and malaria.
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